Mexico vs Switzerland

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Per-capita emissions are higher in Switzerland than in Mexico: roughly ~0.1 tCO₂e/person/year more, or about 2% higher. Globally, Mexico ranks around #43 and Switzerland around #41 by CO₂ per capita. Both can be compared to the global median of ~4.7 tCO₂e per person.

CO₂ per capita

Lower is better
Winner: Mexico. Mexico ~3.5 tCO₂e/yearSwitzerland ~3.6 tCO₂e/yearMexico leads by 0.1 t (2%)
Mexico
~3.5 tCO₂e/year
Switzerland
~3.6 tCO₂e/year

World median: ~~4.7 tCO₂e/year

Consumption-based CO₂ per capita

Lower is better
Winner: Mexico. Mexico ~4.4 tCO₂e/yearSwitzerland ~13.3 tCO₂e/yearMexico leads by 9 t (206%)
Mexico
~4.4 tCO₂e/year
Switzerland
~13.3 tCO₂e/year

World median: ~~6.5 tCO₂e/year

Electricity carbon intensity

Lower is better
Mexico ~483 gCO₂/kWhWinner: Switzerland. Switzerland ~33 gCO₂/kWhSwitzerland leads by 450 g (1380%)
Mexico
~483 gCO₂/kWh
Switzerland
~33 gCO₂/kWh

World median: ~~345 gCO₂/kWh

Renewable electricity share

Higher is better
Mexico ~21%Winner: Switzerland. Switzerland ~67%Switzerland leads by 46 pp
Mexico
~21%
Switzerland
~67%

World median: ~~34%

Key takeaways

Mexico has much lower consumption-based emissions and much lower renewable share while Switzerland has much higher consumption-based emissions and a much higher renewable share and similar per-capita emissions.

Quick comparison

Switzerland has higher per-capita emissions (~3.6 tCO₂e/person/year) than Mexico (~3.5 tCO₂e/person/year). The difference is about ~-0.1 tCO₂e/person/year, or about 2% lower.

In the global ranking by CO₂ per capita, Mexico stands around #43 and Switzerland around #41.

Mexico is below the global median (~4.7 tCO₂e/person), about 26% below.

Switzerland is below the global median (~4.7 tCO₂e/person), about 24% below.

Within North America, Mexico sits below the regional median (~13.4 tCO₂e/person).

Within Europe, Switzerland sits below the regional median (~5.3 tCO₂e/person).

Why the numbers can differ

GDP per capita often correlates with energy use: higher incomes tend to mean more transport, heating, and consumption. The relationship is not fixed—policy, energy mix, and urban design can decouple emissions from economic activity.

Urbanization affects transport patterns and building energy use. Denser cities can support public transit and district heating; sprawl tends to increase car dependency and per-capita emissions.

Electricity carbon intensity and the share of renewables in the power mix influence how much emissions drop when transport and heating electrify. Cleaner grids amplify the benefit of electric vehicles and heat pumps.

How to interpret per-capita vs total

Per-capita emissions divide a country's total CO₂ output by its population. That lets us compare nations fairly regardless of size. A large country with high total emissions can still have low per-person emissions if its population is very large. Total emissions matter for the global climate, but per-capita figures help us understand lifestyle and policy differences between countries.

What would move the gap

Targeted actions depend on each country's starting point. Levers that can narrow or reverse the gap include:

  • Avoiding high-emission development pathways
  • Building resilience while keeping emissions low
  • Supporting policies that phase out fossil fuels
  • Expanding clean energy access without locking in fossil dependency
  • Ensuring new infrastructure is low-carbon from the start

Data sources

  • CO₂ per capita, territorial emissions: OWID (2024, 2025)
  • Electricity carbon intensity: OWID / Ember (latest available)
  • Renewables share of electricity: OWID / Ember (latest available)
  • Ember: electricity mix, carbon intensity

Related comparisons

CO₂ per capita rankings · All countries

Frequently asked questions

Which country has higher CO2 per capita: Mexico or Switzerland?

Switzerland has higher per-capita emissions (~3.6 tCO₂e/person/year) than Mexico (~3.5 tCO₂e/person/year).

How do per-capita emissions differ from total emissions?

Per-capita emissions divide total national emissions by population, allowing fair comparison across countries of different sizes. Total emissions matter for global impact; per-capita figures help compare lifestyle and policy.

How does Mexico compare to the global median?

About 26% below the global median of ~4.7 tCO₂e per person.

How does Switzerland compare to the global median?

About 24% below the global median of ~4.7 tCO₂e per person.

Does this include consumption-based emissions?

The main figure is territorial (production-based). We also show consumption-based CO₂ per capita when available, which counts emissions embedded in imported goods.

How often is this data updated?

Data comes from Our World in Data, World Bank, and Ember. Coverage and latest year vary by metric.